Wednesday, February 16, 2011

A Product Array Puzzle

Given an array arr[] of n integers, construct a Product Array prod[] (of same size) such that prod[i] is equal to the product of all the elements of arr[] except arr[i]. Solve it without division operator and in O(n).

The above method can be optimized to work in space complexity O(1). Thanks to Dileep for suggesting the below solution.
?
void productArray(int arr[], int n)
{
int i, temp = 1;

/* Allocate memory for the product array */
int *prod = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*n);

/* Initialize the product array as 1 */
memset(prod,1,n);

/* In this loop, temp variable contains product of
elements on left side excluding arr[i] */
for(i=0; i {
prod[i] = temp;
temp *= arr[i];
}

/* Initialize temp to 1 for product on right side */
temp = 1;

/* In this loop, temp variable contains product of
elements on right side excluding arr[i] */
for(i= n-1; i>=0; i--)
{
prod[i] *= temp;
temp *= arr[i];
}

/* print the constructed prod array */
for (i=0; i printf("%d ", prod[i]);

return;
}

Time Complexity: O(n)
Space Complexity: O(n)
Auxiliary Space: O(1)



Optimization :



void ArrayMul(int buf[],int res[],size_t len) /*res[] is assumed to be of size len & all members initialized to 1 */
{
  size_t i;
  int left = 1,
		right = 1;

  for(i = 0; i<len;i++)
  {
	  res[i] *= left;
	  res[lenn-i-1] *= right;

	  left *= buf[i];
	  right *= buf[len-i-1];
  }
}

1 comment :

Unknown said...

Example:
arr[] = {10, 3, 5, 6, 2}
prod[] = {180, 600, 360, 300, 900}

Algorithm:
1) Construct a temporary array left[] such that left[i] contains product of all elements on left of arr[i] excluding arr[i].
2) Construct another temporary array right[] such that right[i] contains product of all elements on on right of arr[i] excluding arr[i].
3) To get prod[], multiply left[] and right[].
1st Approach

Implementation:

#include
#include

/* Function to print product array for a given array
arr[] of size n */
void productArray(int arr[], int n)
{
/* Allocate memory for temporary arrays left[] and right[] */
int *left = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*n);
int *right = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*n);

/* Allocate memory for the product array */
int *prod = (int *)malloc(sizeof(int)*n);

int i, j;

/* Left most element of left array is always 1 */
left[0] = 1;

/* Rightmost most element of right array is always 1 */
right[n-1] = 1;

/* Construct the left array */
for(i = 1; i < n; i++)
left[i] = arr[i-1]*left[i-1];

/* Construct the right array */
for(j = n-2; j >=0; j--)
right[j] = arr[j+1]*right[j+1];

/* Construct the product array using
left[] and right[] */
for (i=0; i=0; i--)
{
prod[i] *= temp;
temp *= arr[i];
}

/* print the constructed prod array */
for (i=0; i<n; i++)
printf("%d ", prod[i]);

return;
}